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Obejct/Map/JSON/String 互转

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Obejct/Map/JSON/String 互转

Fastjson是一个Java语言编写的高性能功能完善的JSON库。它采用一种“假定有序快速匹配”的算法,把JSON Parse的性能提升到极致,是目前Java语言中最快的JSON库。Fastjson接口简单易用,已经被广泛使用在缓存序列化、协议交互、Web输出、Android客户端等多种应用场景。

主要特点:

快速FAST (比其它任何基于Java的解析器和生成器更快,包括jackson)
强大(支持普通JDK类包括任意Java Bean Class、Collection、Map、Date或enum)
零依赖(没有依赖其它任何类库除了JDK)
开源,使用Apache License 2.0协议开源。

如果获得Fastjson?

https://github.com/alibaba/fastjson

Fastjson Obejct/Map/JSON/String 互转方法

在日志解析,前后端数据传输交互中,经常会遇到 String 与 map、json、xml 等格式相互转换与解析的场景,其中 json 基本成为了跨语言、跨前后端的事实上的标准数据交互格式。应该来说各个语言中 解析 json 的库都一大片(具体 json 格式与三方库的介绍请见: http://www.json.org/json-zh.html ),比如 python 都集成在了内置库中,成为标准 API,今天我们要聊的是 java 中如何方便的使用 json 格式。

从上面的链接介绍中我们可以看到,java 的三方 json 库是最多的,可谓百花齐放百家争鸣的节奏。。。但是,某些库存在链式依赖的问题,使用的时候要注意,如果你没用 maven 管你你的依赖,用起来会很痛苦,比如 json-lib、smart-json 等。下面我要推荐的是阿里巴巴工程师开源的一个 json 库:FastJSON,这个库在解析速度和易用性上来说都很不错。

了解fastjson

fastjson主要的使 用入口

Fastjson API入口类是com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON,常用的序列化操作都可以在JSON类上的静态方法直接完成。

public static final Object parse(String text); // 把JSON文本parse为JSONObject或者JSONArray 
public static final JSONObject parseObject(String text); // 把JSON文本parse成JSONObject    
public static final <T> T parseObject(String text, Class<T> clazz); // 把JSON文本parse为JavaBean 
public static final JSONArray parseArray(String text); // 把JSON文本parse成JSONArray 
public static final <T> List<T> parseArray(String text, Class<T> clazz); //把JSON文本parse成JavaBean集合 
public static final String toJSONString(Object object); // 将JavaBean序列化为JSON文本 
public static final String toJSONString(Object object, boolean prettyFormat); // 将JavaBean序列化为带格式的JSON文本 
public static final Object toJSON(Object javaObject); 将JavaBean转换为JSONObject或者JSONArray。

有关类库的一些说明

SerializeWriter:相当于StringBuffer

JSONArray:相当于List<Object>

JSONObject:相当于Map<String, Object>

JSON反序列化没有真正数组,本质类型都是List<Object>

fastjson还有很多很高级的特性

比如支持注解、支持全类型序列化,这些都是很好的特性,功能强大,不在本次测试范围。

测试代码

package lavasoft.stu.json; 

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializeConfig; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SimpleDateFormatSerializer; 

import java.util.*; 

/** 
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA. 
* 
* @author leizhimin 11-11-22 上午9:15 
*/ 
public class Foo { 
    private String vString = "vStringhehhehe"; 
    private char vchar = 'x'; 

    private byte vbyte = 64; 
    private short vshort = 128; 
    private int vint = 65535; 
    private long vlong = 9999999L; 

    private float vfloat = 12.1f; 
    private double vdouble = 22.203d; 

    private boolean vboolean = false; 

//    private Date vdate = new Date(); 
    private Date dddd = new Date(); 
    private Date vDate = new Date(); 
    private Date v_Date = new Date(); 
    private Object vnull = null; 

    private String[] avString = {"aaa", "bbb", "ccc"}; 
    private int[] avint = {1, 2, 3, 4}; 
    private boolean[] avboolean = {true, false, true, true}; 

    private List<String> listString = new ArrayList<String>(); 
    private Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); 

    private Bar bar = new Bar(); 
    private Bar[] avBar = {new Bar(), new Bar()}; 
    private List<Bar> listBar = new ArrayList<Bar>(); 

    { 
        listString.add("listString1"); 
        listString.add("listString2"); 
        listString.add("listString3"); 

        map.put("x", "s11111x"); 
        map.put("y", "s22222y"); 
        map.put("z", "s33333z"); 

        listBar.add(new Bar()); 
        listBar.add(new Bar()); 
        listBar.add(new Bar()); 
    } 



    public String getvString() { 
        return vString; 
    } 

    public void setvString(String vString) { 
        this.vString = vString; 
    } 

    public char getVchar() { 
        return vchar; 
    } 

    public void setVchar(char vchar) { 
        this.vchar = vchar; 
    } 

    public byte getVbyte() { 
        return vbyte; 
    } 

    public void setVbyte(byte vbyte) { 
        this.vbyte = vbyte; 
    } 

    public short getVshort() { 
        return vshort; 
    } 

    public void setVshort(short vshort) { 
        this.vshort = vshort; 
    } 

    public int getVint() { 
        return vint; 
    } 

    public void setVint(int vint) { 
        this.vint = vint; 
    } 

    public long getVlong() { 
        return vlong; 
    } 

    public void setVlong(long vlong) { 
        this.vlong = vlong; 
    } 

    public float getVfloat() { 
        return vfloat; 
    } 

    public void setVfloat(float vfloat) { 
        this.vfloat = vfloat; 
    } 

    public double getVdouble() { 
        return vdouble; 
    } 

    public void setVdouble(double vdouble) { 
        this.vdouble = vdouble; 
    } 

    public boolean isVboolean() { 
        return vboolean; 
    } 

    public void setVboolean(boolean vboolean) { 
        this.vboolean = vboolean; 
    } 

    public Date getDddd() { 
        return dddd; 
    } 

    public void setDddd(Date dddd) { 
        this.dddd = dddd; 
    } 

    public Date getV_Date() { 
        return v_Date; 
    } 

    public void setV_Date(Date v_Date) { 
        this.v_Date = v_Date; 
    } 

    public Date getvDate() { 
        return vDate; 
    } 

    public void setvDate(Date vDate) { 
        this.vDate = vDate; 
    } 

    public Object getVnull() { 
        return vnull; 
    } 

    public void setVnull(Object vnull) { 
        this.vnull = vnull; 
    } 

    public String[] getAvString() { 
        return avString; 
    } 

    public void setAvString(String[] avString) { 
        this.avString = avString; 
    } 

    public int[] getAvint() { 
        return avint; 
    } 

    public void setAvint(int[] avint) { 
        this.avint = avint; 
    } 

    public boolean[] getAvboolean() { 
        return avboolean; 
    } 

    public void setAvboolean(boolean[] avboolean) { 
        this.avboolean = avboolean; 
    } 

    public List<String> getListString() { 
        return listString; 
    } 

    public void setListString(List<String> listString) { 
        this.listString = listString; 
    } 

    public Map<String, String> getMap() { 
        return map; 
    } 

    public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) { 
        this.map = map; 
    } 

    public Bar getBar() { 
        return bar; 
    } 

    public void setBar(Bar bar) { 
        this.bar = bar; 
    } 

    public Bar[] getAvBar() { 
        return avBar; 
    } 

    public void setAvBar(Bar[] avBar) { 
        this.avBar = avBar; 
    } 

    public List<Bar> getListBar() { 
        return listBar; 
    } 

    public void setListBar(List<Bar> listBar) { 
        this.listBar = listBar; 
    } 
}
package lavasoft.stu.json; 

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializeConfig; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SimpleDateFormatSerializer; 

import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.Random; 

/** 
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA. 
* 
* @author leizhimin 11-11-22 上午9:15 
*/ 
public class Bar { 
    public static SerializeConfig mapping = new SerializeConfig(); 
    private String barName; 
    private int barAge; 
    private Date barDate = new Date(); 
    static { 
        mapping.put(Date.class, new SimpleDateFormatSerializer("yyyy-MM-dd")); 
    } 
    { 
        Random r = new Random(); 
        barName = "sss_"+String.valueOf(r.nextFloat()); 
        barAge = r.nextInt(); 
    } 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Object obj = JSON.toJSON(new Bar()); 
        String x1 = JSON.toJSONString(new Bar(), true); 
        System.out.println(x1); 
        String x2 = JSON.toJSONString(new Bar(), mapping); 
        System.out.println(x2); 
    } 

    public String getBarName() { 
        return barName; 
    } 

    public void setBarName(String barName) { 
        this.barName = barName; 
    } 

    public int getBarAge() { 
        return barAge; 
    } 

    public void setBarAge(int barAge) { 
        this.barAge = barAge; 
    } 

    public Date getBarDate() { 
        return barDate; 
    } 

    public void setBarDate(Date barDate) { 
        this.barDate = barDate; 
    } 

    @Override 
    public String toString() { 
        return "Bar{" + 
                "barName='" + barName + '\'' + 
                ", barAge=" + barAge + 
                ", barDate=" + barDate + 
                '}'; 
    } 
}
package lavasoft.stu.json; 

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializeConfig; 
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SimpleDateFormatSerializer; 

import java.util.*; 

/** 
* Created by 2IntelliJ IDEA. 
* 
* @author leizhimin 11-11-22 上午9:45 
*/ 
public class Test { 
    private static SerializeConfig mapping = new SerializeConfig(); static { 
        mapping.put(Date.class, new SimpleDateFormatSerializer("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")); 
    } 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Foo f1 = new Foo(); 
        Date date = new Date(); 
        String text = JSON.toJSONString(date, mapping); 
        System.out.println(text); 
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(f1, true)); 
        String x2 =JSON.toJSONString(f1, mapping); 
        System.out.println(x2); 
    } 

    public static void json2List(){ 
        //List -> JSON array 
        List<Bar> barList = new ArrayList<Bar>(); 
        barList.add(new Bar()); 
        barList.add(new Bar()); 
        barList.add(new Bar()); 
        String json= JSON.toJSONString(barList, true); 
        System.out.println(json); 
        //JSON array -> List 
        List<Bar> barList1 = JSON.parseArray(json,Bar.class); 
        for (Bar bar : barList1) { 
            System.out.println(bar.toString()); 
        } 
    } 

    public static void json2Map(){ 
        //Map -> JSON 
        Map<String,Bar> map = new HashMap<String, Bar>(); 
        map.put("a",new Bar()); 
        map.put("b",new Bar()); 
        map.put("c",new Bar()); 
        String json = JSON.toJSONString(map,true); 
        System.out.println(json); 
        //JSON -> Map 
        Map<String,Bar> map1 = (Map<String,Bar>)JSON.parse(json); 
        for (String key : map1.keySet()) { 
            System.out.println(key+":"+map1.get(key)); 
        } 
    } 

    public static void array2JSON(){ 
        String[] arr_String    = {"a","b","c"}; 
        String json_arr_String = JSON.toJSONString(arr_String,true); 
        System.out.println(json_arr_String); 
        JSONArray jsonArray = JSON.parseArray(json_arr_String); 
        for (Object o : jsonArray) { 
            System.out.println(o); 
        } 
        System.out.println(jsonArray); 
    } 
    public static void array2JSON2(){ 
        Bar[] arr_Bar    = {new Bar(),new Bar(),new Bar()}; 
        String json_arr_Bar = JSON.toJSONString(arr_Bar,true); 
        System.out.println(json_arr_Bar); 
        JSONArray jsonArray = JSON.parseArray(json_arr_Bar); 
        for (Object o : jsonArray) { 
            System.out.println(o); 
        } 
        System.out.println(jsonArray); 
    } 

    public static void map2JSON(){ 
        Map map = new HashMap(); 
        map.put("a","aaa"); 
        map.put("b","bbb"); 
        map.put("c","ccc"); 
        String json=JSON.toJSONString(map); 
        System.out.println(json); 
        Map map1 = JSON.parseObject(json); 
        for (Object o : map.entrySet()) { 
            Map.Entry<String,String> entry = (Map.Entry<String,String>)o; 
            System.out.println(entry.getKey()+"--->"+entry.getValue()); 
        } 
    } 
}

说明:

SerializeConfig:是对序列化过程中一些序列化过程的特殊配置,这里用作日期格式的定义。

有关需要带类型的全类型序列化过程,需要调用JSON.toJSONStringZ()方法。

需要美化输出时候,需要打开序列化美化开关,在方法中true那个参数。

输出结果:

"2011-11-23 23:30:33" 
{ 
  "avBar":[{ 
    "barAge":174398800, 
    "barDate":1322062233062, 
    "barName":"sss_0.62378174" 
  },{ 
    "barAge":38938962, 
    "barDate":1322062233062, 
    "barName":"sss_0.36014742" 
  }], 
  "avString":["aaa","bbb","ccc"], 
  "avboolean":[true,false,true,true], 
  "avint":[1,2,3,4], 
  "bar":{ 
    "barAge":1601495948, 
    "barDate":1322062233062, 
    "barName":"sss_0.46644872" 
  }, 
  "dddd":1322062233046, 
  "listBar":[ 
    { 
      "barAge":-1090113522, 
      "barDate":1322062233062, 
      "barName":"sss_0.83562374" 
    }, 
    { 
      "barAge":478603194, 
      "barDate":1322062233062, 
      "barName":"sss_0.59483266" 
    }, 
    { 
      "barAge":1118357669, 
      "barDate":1322062233062, 
      "barName":"sss_0.9961642" 
    } 
  ], 
  "listString":[ 
    "listString1", 
    "listString2", 
    "listString3" 
  ], 
  "map":{"x":"s11111x","y":"s22222y","z":"s33333z"}, 
  "v_Date":1322062233046, 
  "vboolean":false, 
  "vbyte":64, 
  "vchar":"x", 
  "vdouble":22.203, 
  "vfloat":12.1, 
  "vint":65535, 
  "vlong":9999999, 
  "vshort":128 
} 
{"avBar":[{"barAge":174398800,"barDate":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","barName":"sss_0.62378174"},{"barAge":38938962,"barDate":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","barName":"sss_0.36014742"}],"avString":["aaa","bbb","ccc"],"avboolean":[true,false,true,true],"avint":[1,2,3,4],"bar":{"barAge":1601495948,"barDate":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","barName":"sss_0.46644872"},"dddd":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","listBar":[{"barAge":-1090113522,"barDate":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","barName":"sss_0.83562374"},{"barAge":478603194,"barDate":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","barName":"sss_0.59483266"},{"barAge":1118357669,"barDate":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","barName":"sss_0.9961642"}],"listString":["listString1","listString2","listString3"],"map":{"x":"s11111x","y":"s22222y","z":"s33333z"},"v_Date":"2011-11-23 23:30:33","vboolean":false,"vbyte":64,"vchar":"x","vdouble":22.203,"vfloat":12.1,"vint":65535,"vlong":9999999,"vshort":128} 

Process finished with exit code 0

测试小例子:

JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.put("aa", "11");
json.put("bb", "22");
json.put("cc", "33");
String jsonStr = json.toString();
System.out.println(jsonStr);
// {"aa":"11","bb":"22","cc":"33"}    

System.out.println(JSONObject.parseObject(jsonStr).get("aa"));
// 11

String o = "{'area':{'area':'1','pagetype':'home'},'pagetype':'home'}";
System.out.println(((Map) JSONObject.parseObject(o).get("area")).get("area"));
// 1
String text = JSON.toJSONString(o);
Map<String, Object> userMap = 
        JSON.parseObject(o, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>() {});
System.out.println(((Map) userMap.get("area")).get("NotExsit"));
// null

System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString((Map) userMap.get("area")));
// {"area":"1","pagetype":"home"}

fastjson通过各方面测试都很好,功能性能都是No.1,喜欢,它的源代码质量很高,作者也煞费苦心,将性能做到了最好,全免超越其他的json类库。

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