Docker 安装 MySQL

方法一、通过 Dockerfile构建

创建Dockerfile

首先，创建目录mysql,用于存放后面的相关东西。

jsrun@jsrun:~$ mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf

data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径

logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件

进入创建的mysql目录，创建Dockerfile

FROM debian:jessie

# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

# add gosu for easy step-down from root
ENV GOSU\_VERSION 1.7
RUN set -x \\
        && apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/\* \\
        && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU\_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \\
        && wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU\_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \\
        && export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \\
        && gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \\
        && gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \\
        && rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \\
        && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \\
        && gosu nobody true \\
        && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget

RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

# FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql\_install\_db:
# File::Basename
# File::Copy
# Sys::Hostname
# Data::Dumper
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/\*

# gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5

ENV MYSQL\_MAJOR 5.6
ENV MYSQL\_VERSION 5.6.31-1debian8

RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${MYSQL\_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list

# the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql\_install\_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
# also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
RUN { \\
                echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \\
                echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \\
                echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \\
                echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \\
        } | debconf-set-selections \\
        && apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL\_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/\* \\
        && rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \\
        && chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \\
# ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
        && chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld

# comment out a few problematic configuration values
# don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \\
        && echo 'skip-host-cache\\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "\[mysqld\]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \\
        && mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

VOLUME /var/lib/mysql

COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
ENTRYPOINT \["docker-entrypoint.sh"\]

EXPOSE 3306
CMD \["mysqld"\]

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

jsrun@jsrun:~/mysql$ docker build -t mysql .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

jsrun@jsrun:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
mysql               5.6                 2c0964ec182a        3 weeks ago         329 MB

方法二、docker pull mysql

查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像

jsrun@jsrun:/mysql$ docker search mysql
NAME                     DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati...   2529      \[OK\]       
mysql/mysql-server       Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea...   161                  \[OK\]
centurylink/mysql        Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li...   45                   \[OK\]
sameersbn/mysql                                                          36                   \[OK\]
google/mysql             MySQL server for Google Compute Engine          16                   \[OK\]
appcontainers/mysql      Centos/Debian Based Customizable MySQL Con...   8                    \[OK\]
marvambass/mysql         MySQL Server based on Ubuntu 14.04              6                    \[OK\]
drupaldocker/mysql       MySQL for Drupal                                2                    \[OK\]
azukiapp/mysql           Docker image to run MySQL by Azuki - http:...   2                    \[OK\]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6

jsrun@jsrun:~/mysql$ docker pull mysql:5.6

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。

使用mysql镜像

运行容器

jsrun@jsrun:~/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v 
$PWD/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/mysql\_data 
-e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6
21cb89213c93d805c5bacf1028a0da7b5c5852761ba81327e6b99bb3ea89930e
jsrun@jsrun:~/mysql$

命令说明：

-p 3306:3306：将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口
-v $PWD/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf：将主机当前目录下的conf/my.cnf挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/my.cnf
-v $PWD/logs:/logs：将主机当前目录下的logs目录挂载到容器的/logs
-v $PWD/data:/mysql_data：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的/mysql_data
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化root用户的密码

查看容器启动情况

jsrun@jsrun:~/mysql$ docker ps 
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE         COMMAND                  ...  PORTS                    NAMES
21cb89213c93    mysql:5.6    "docker-entrypoint.sh"    ...  0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mymysql